최근 가속기 연구자에게 가장 매력 있고 주요한 분야를 하나 꼽으라면 많은 사람들이 초전도 가속기를 꼽을 것이다. 이러한 현상은 초전도 가속기 분야가 그만큼 매력적이면서도 물리학, 전자기학, 기계공학, 저온공학을 바탕으로 하는 연구 분야라는 것을 반증하는 것이다. 국내에는 한글판 초전도 가속기와 관련된 교재 및 번역서는 아직 없는 상황이다. 본 교과서는 Eiji Kako 교수가 일본 KEK 가속기 연구소에서 2014년 및 2006년에 진행한 가속기 스쿨에서 강의한 초전도 가속기 고주파 시스템에 관한 내용을 번역한 것이다. 본 교과서의 내용을피상적으로 공부하는데서 그친다면 아무런 도움이 않될 것이다. 이 책에 있는 내용을 있는 단순히 이해하는 것이 아니라, 자기 자신이 직접 초전도 가속기를 개발하는 과정을 거쳐 주기를 바라는 것이다. 그것을 위한 하나의 교과서로 이 번역본이 활용되기를 바란다.

초전도 가속기는 현재 전 세계적으로 전자 가속기, 양성자 가속기, 중이온 가속기 및 의료용 가속기 등 모든 종류의 가속기에서 연구 개발이 진행되고 있으며 기틀은 대략 1970년대에 태동되었으며 현재까지도 지속적으로 거듭 발전 되고 있는 상황이다. 특히, 1.3 GHz초전도 가속기 고주파 시스템은 국외의 자유전자 레이저 가속기에서 구축되어 운영되고 있으며, 향후 국제 선형 충돌형 가속기(ILC)에도 적용 될 가속기여서 이 교과서에서 자세히 다루게 되었다. 본 교과서는 초전도 가속기 고주파 시스템의 연구 개발을 위해 실제적으로 활약할 수 있는 인재 육성 및 확보를 목표로 하며 초전도 가속기 개발에서 얻어진 실제적인 지식을 열거하고 있다.

1 초전도 가속기의 기초

1.1 개요 ··············································································································1

1.2 초전도 가속기 ······························································································1

1.3 초전도 가속관 시스템 ··················································································9

1.4 요약 ············································································································20

1.5 참고 문헌 ···································································································20

2 초전도 가속기의 주변 장치 기술

2.1 개요 ············································································································23

2.2 입력 결합기(입력 커플러) ··········································································23

2.3 고조파 결합기(HOM 커플러) ····································································37

2.4 주파수 튜너 ································································································43

2.5 요약 ············································································································49

2.6 참고 문헌 ···································································································49

3 초전도 가속관의 전자기 해석

3.1 개요 ············································································································53

3.2 고조파 가속관 ····························································································53

3.3 필박스 가속관 ····························································································67

3.4 초전도 가속관 ····························································································81

3.5 초전도 가속관의 외부 값 ··········································································87

3.6 요약 ············································································································95

3.7 참고 문헌 ···································································································96

4 초전도 가속기의 고조파 설계

4.1 개요 ············································································································97

4.2 초전도 가속관 시스템의 전체 구성 ··························································98

4.3 초전도 가속관의 형상 ·············································································105

4.4 초전도 가속관의 펄스 운전에 있어서 로렌츠 디튜닝 ····························112

4.5 STF 초전도 가속관 ·················································································119

4.6 가속 모드의 주파수 조정 ········································································130

4.7 고조파 입력 결합기 ·················································································139

4.8 고조파 출력 결합기 ·················································································147

4.9 주파수 튜너 ·····························································································150

4.10 개발 현황 ·······························································································153

4.11 요약 ········································································································156

4.12 참고 문헌 ·······························································································157